Improvement in railroad-car ventilators



PLPETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGR `brick or stones A.

, s so WML@ @tina 'VVlLHEL M SCARRATH, OF BlELEFELD, PRUSSIA.

Lette/rs Prato/nt No. 84,004, dated November 10, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN RAILROAD-CAR VENTILATORS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all "whom/it ymay concern Be it known that I, WILHELM SCHARRATH, of Bielefeld, Prussia, have invented a new and improved Ventilating-Apparatus; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure l represents a vertical section of a room provided with my improved ventilating-apparatus.

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of a modiflcation of the saine.

Figure 3 is a detail longitudinal section of a railroad-v car, p rovided with my improved Ventilating-apparatus.

Figrue 4 is a vertical transverse section of the same.

Figure 5 is a'detail transverse section of a ship provided with my improved ventilating-apparatus.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding letters.

This invention relates to a new ventilating-apparatus, to be applied to all temporary or constant habitations of men or animals, and consists in the arrangement of porous walls and ceilings, or either, to the rooms of houses or cars, orto the cabins of ships, so that fresh air, either in a heated or cooled state, may freely enter the said room or cabin, while the foul air can as freely'escape.

In a building or dwelling of suitable construction, the partitions or Walls may be composed of perforated brick, A A, as in iig. l, and such walls may also be constructed hollow, as shown. The air for Ventilating rooms could then, through a passage, B, be conveyed to the space C, formed in the hollow wall, and could thence pass into the room, through the perforated The partitions or walls may, instead of perforated stones, vbe composed wholly or partly of porous material, so that the air could freely ventilate through the samel A tapestry of porous woollen, cotton, or other fabric, may also be arranged as a coveringy for the whole or part ofthe partitions or walls, and a similar sheet of fabric, E, is or may be suspendedfrcm the ceiling F, as shown. The fresh air enters through the porous wall of the room, and the foul air escapes through the ceiling.

The passages, may, however, beA arranged different, so that, for example, the fresh air may enter through the lower part of the porous wall or partition, whileA the foul air is discharged through the upper part of such partition or wall, in which case these parts would he separated by means of a strip, a.

The discharged air is carried -to the chimney, or to a suitable pipe. The fresh air may be warmed or cooled, as may be demanded by the state of the temperature.

The fresh air may, by suitable apparatus, be forced into a room, while the discharged air may be sucked out, if desired.

For. railroad-cars I would yprefer to have the air enter through the ceiling, and escape through the bottorn, but still other arrangements may be provided, which retain the principle of my invention, as far as the same relates to the employment of porous partitions, walls, iioors, or ceilings.

In figs. 3 and 4, the car is represented as being provided with ventilating-caps, G G, through which the air is blown or sucked into the car.

To prevent sparks from flying into the caps, I proprose to arrange a wire netting, b, across the mouth of the cap, and to regulate the draught- I propose to arrange the adjustable and oscillating slats c behind the netting, across the mouth of the cap.

The air passes through the cap into the car, but, before entering-the passenger-compartment, it has to pass through a porous ceiling, H, which is stretched under the roof ofthe car, and is thereby not only spread, but is also separated from all dust that may have entered the cap.

The foul air can escape through siiitable adjustable openings l, provided in the bottom or side of the car.

For vessels of all classes,` such-'as sailing or steamvessels, there should also be a porous fabric, J, spread lunder the ceilings ofthe cabins, or along the walls of the same, as indicated in fig. 5, to let the fresh air enter them from above, the foul escaping through suitable channels.

Ido not confine myself to any particular porous material in either of the cases, nor to any particular form and mode of applying the porous material.

Having thus described my invention,

Wha-t i claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

Forming the walls, ceilings, or partitions of permaf nent or temporary habitations, wholly' or in part of porous material, covered wholly or in part with fibrous or texile fabric, leaving a space between said Walls and the fibrous material, as herein set forth, for the pur pose of ventilation.

The above specication of my invention signed by me, this 4th day of February, 1868.

XVILHELM, SGHARRATH. lVitnesses:

TH. inrssonn, J ons H. SCHNABEL. 

